Wednesday, 1 April 2009


Reflecting on Thursday lessons: we learn English in class, too!
This reflective post is about Thursday lessons because I would like to underline some points. On the one hand, it is true that this English course is primarily based on computer as the principal means for language learning.However, I think that Thursday lessons in class are very important for our learning process, as well.First of all, we can speak a lot - especially the people attending the 8:30 lesson - because we are not so much (and this happens really very few times in English courses!) and know each other very well, so that we are less afraid of others' judgements...Secondly, I think that it's very useful to discuss our most common grammatical mistakes in greater detail.In this way, we can really understand them and, consequently, stop making them.

And now, a bit of grammar!
As far as grammar is concerned, I would like to point out some things I learnt during these Thursday lessons:
1-THE KEY RULE:TRY TO SIMPLIFY LANGUAGE AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE, so that your posts are much easier to read, and you probably make fewer mistakes;
2-Instead of using these English words:
deepen, also, such, in fact, must, will, distinguish, use the following ones: learn, too, this, indeed, have to, going to, stand out. Instead of don't have to/mustn't use shouldn't, to be not supposed to, can't, or the Imperative.
3-Don't use Present Perfect, use simple Past;

4-Keep in mind that the word order in English is always S+V+O (Subject+Verb+Object);
5-Some rules on punctuation:
  • Semicolon:it links two closely related independent clauses (S+V); use it as little as possible!
  • Full stop:it is used to end a sentence, a complete thought; use it as much as possible!
  • Comma:it is used for a list, or when you're adding something, developing something that is'n a complete though;
  • Colon:it is used for a list, or for giving an explanation of what you've said before;
  • Lists:you have to use commas when you have words or noun-phrases,you have to use semicolons when the items are short independent clauses
  • Words like because, while, since, as, whereas introduce a dependent clause, and are never preceded by a comma.
  • Words like however, furthermore, therefore introduce an independent clause, so you can never put a comma before them.

6-Present Perfect:

  • Unfinished time (since, yet, ever,...)
  • Unfinished actions (I've been talking too much!)
  • Present consequence (however, both Present Perfect and Simple Past are potentially correct in this case: e. g. I've lost my wallet/I lost my wallet. It depends on the viewpoint from which you analyse action).

7-Everything means the whole, whereas anything means a part of the whole.

8-For example = e.g. means "one of many"/that is = i.e.: you're giving the explanation, and the explanation is just one. That is is always preceded, and not followed, by a comma.

9-LINKING:

  • Coordinate: and, but, or (you can use a comma if you want to)
  • Subordinate:since, because, as, although, despite, ... (they're never preceded by a comma!)
  • Punctuate: , ; :

10-Subordinators in English:

  • TIME: after, before,when,while,as soon as, until.
  • REASON: because,so,since,as,due to.
  • PURPOSE: to,in order to,so as to.
  • CONCESSION: although,even though/even if,despite,though,whereas/while
  • CONDITION: if,unless,as long as.

And last but not least: be careful with sentence fragments and run-ons!

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